. wasp.
|. siege; ~ raise the siege; ~ stand* the siege.
 I. .  I.
 II. .  II.
 III. . .
|. 1. (, ) subsidence; ~ subside;2. . draught; ~ 3  draw* ten feet.
. precipitation sg. ; ~      rain and some snow are expected.
|siege attr. ;~  state of siege.
. sediment, deposit;. (after)taste;    ~    our talk left an unpleasant aftertaste.
sedimentary;. precipitation attr.
 I,  (.; ) besiege (smth.) ;lay* siege (to);. besiege (smb., smth.) ;~  besiege a town.
 II,  (.) . precipitate (smth.) ;~ . . settle, be* deposited.
|. besieger;~ beleaguered;besieged (. .).
,  1. (.) rein in (smth.) , check (smth.) ;2. (  -  , ) stop;3. (.;  ) force (smb., smth.) back;4. (.; -.) rebuff (smb.) , snub (smb.) ;put* (smb.) in his, her place.
|imposing, stately;~ . carriage, bearing.
|. . hosanna;/ ~ -. sing* smb.`s praises.
|. rabid, possessed;~ . . grow* rabid, be* possessed.
,  (.) 1. master (smth.) ;~  -. profit by the experience of smb. ;~    master new methods of production;2. () develop (smth.) , pioneer (smth.) , settle (smth.) ;~   develop the virgin lands, bring* the virgin lands into cultivation;~,  settle down;( . ) get* used (to);() have* (smth.) at one`s fingertips/finger-ends.
. informer; ~ intelligencer;~ informative.
(). . ().
|. information, notification;~ . knowledge, possession of information;~ (well-)informed; ~ ill-informed.
,  ( .  . ) inform ( smb. of), notify ( smb. of);~,  ( . ) inquire (about), make* inquiries (about).
,  (.) 1. refresh (smb., smth.) , freshen (smth.) ;   the rain has freshened the air;    the fast ride cleared his head;~   -. refresh one`s memory of smth. ;   rub/brush up one`s knowledge;2. () touch up (smth.) ;~,  1. be* refreshed;2. ( ) refresh one self.
. . .
(). . ().
.  , . electrician, person in charge of lighting effects;~ illuminating, lighting;~  illuminator, lighting appliance;~    photographic lighting equipment;~  lighting equipment;~    printer light;~     obie;~  . flares.
(). . ().
|,  (.) 1. light* up (smth.) , illuminate (smth.) , illumine (smth.) ;. () brighten (smth.) ;      the rising sun bathed the garden in light;   light* a match to look at one`s watch;~   provide electric street-lighting;    her face brightened with a smile;2. (, ) elucidate (smth.) , illuminate (smth.) , interpret (smth.) ;- ~  cast* a new light on a problem;~,  be* lighted, be* illumined;( ) light* up;~ . 1. () lighting;2. () light; ~ evening light; ~ artificial lighting;~  theatre lighting;~    low level lighting;~     indirect lighting;3. (, ) presentation, interpretation;4. () lighting; ~ electric light(ing);~ . illumination;~   background illumination;~   screen illumination.
|. examination;~ . (.) examine (smb.).
. . .
,  (.) hiss (smb.) ;~  hiss an actor.
. liberator;~ liberating;liberation attr. ;~  liberation movement;~  war of liberation.
(). . ().
|,  1. (.; ) free (smb., smth.) , liberate (smb., smth.) , set* (smb., smth.) free, set* (smb., smth.) at liberty;( ) emancipate (smb.) ;( ) discharge (smb.) ;~  liberate/free prisoners of war;2. (.;) release (smb., smth.) ;. . give* smb. his, her freedom;    release an animal from a trap;3. ( .  . ; ) exempt ( smb. from), release ( smb. from); -.   exempt smb. from punishment;   exempt from taxes;    . exempt from criminal liability;   dispense from paying;4. (.;) release (smb.) ;5. (.;) clear (smth.) ;   clear a bookcase;    clear the premises of all unauthorized persons;6. (.;) vacate (smth.) , leave* (smth.) ;~  vacate one`s room;7. (.;  -.) set* aside (smth.) ;~,  1. free one self, liberate one self;   be* released;2. ( . ; ) free one self (from);3. ( ) be* empty;(  .) be* vacant;(  -.) clear, be* cleared;    the sky cleared;4. ( ) be* free;   I`ll be free in a minute;~ . liberation;( ,  .) emancipation;( ) release, discharge;~   exemption from taxes;~   . waiver of obligations.
|. 1. mastering, assimilation;~   mastering the use of up-to-date machinery; ~ breaking-in period;2. () development, pioneering, settling;~  reclamation of the desert.
(). . ().
. . .
,  1. . consecrate (smth.) , bless (smth.) , sanctify (smth.) ;2. . ( ) sanctify, hallow (smth.).
,  settle;( ) subside.
. .   .
|. settled way of life; ~ . the Pale of Settlement.
,  (.) saddle (smth.) ;. (   -.) straddle (smth.) ;. . ( ) dominate (smb.) , saddle (smb.).
|settled; ~   lead* a settled life;~  tribes that have settled.
,  stop short;( ) fail, break* off.
. donkey;ass (. .).
. 1. () whetstone, hone;2. (    ) touchstone (. .).
. . .
autumn attr. , autumnal .
. autumn;fall . ;~ in the autumn;in the fall . ; ~ late autumn.
,  (.) 1. () shade (smb., smth.) ;. shield (smb., smth.) ;2. (  ) strike* (smb.) , occur (to);   it dawned on me (that);  I had an inspiration.
. . .
. , ~ . Osset(e);~ Ossetic;~  Ossetic, the Ossetic language.
. sturgeon.
. sturgeon (flesh).
|. misfire, failure to fire; ~ miss fire, fail to fire.
. . .
,  (.) 1. overpower (smb.) ;. master (smth.) , overcome* (smth.) ;2. (  -.) manage (smth.) , cope (with);  get* through a book.
. . .
|. aspen;~ . aspen grove/wood;~ aspen;  ~  tremble/shake* like an aspen leaf*.
|wasp`s;~  hornets` nest; ~  wasp-waisted.
. husky, hoarse.
|. . become* hoarse;~ . .
|, ~ orphaned;(  ) bereaved;. () forsaken.
. be* orphaned, become* an orphan;(  ) be* bereaved;. () become* desolate.
. : ~  bared teeth;~ . : ~  bare/show* one`s teeth;~ . bare/show* one`s teeth.
. (.) scalp (smb.).
. . disgrace one self, look silly.
|. desecration;~ . . .
,  (.) 1. . desecrate (smth.) ;2. (   . .) defile (smth.).
. . grin.
|. splinter, fragment;~  shell-splinter;~ shrapnel attr. ;( ) fragmentation attr. ;~  shrapnel wound;~  fragmentation bomb.
|. drawing/soreness of the mouth; ~ set* smb.`s teeth on edge.
. . .
,  (.) castrate (smth.).
. insulter;~ insulting;~  insulting tone.
|(). . ();~ . 1. () insulting;~  . assault and battery;~  contumely;2. ( ,   . .) insult;~ insulted;() offended, injured, wounded;~  wounded dignity;~  injured innocence.
,  (.) insult (smb.) ;() offend (smb.) , wound (smb.) , injure (smb.) ;~ -.    outrage smb.`s feelings; -.  physically insult smb. ;~ -.  offend smb.`s ears;~,  take* offence, feel* insulted.
,  fall* into decline, be* depleted/impoverished.
|declining, depleted;~ . decline, depletion.
. . .
,  1. (  ) weaken, become* weaker, be*/become*/grow* weak;2. (   ) relax, slacken, ease;( , ) abate, subside;3. (  ) loosen, become* looser.
. . .
|. . ;~ . 1. weakening, weakness;2. (   -.) relaxation, slackening, easing;(, ) abatement;~  loss of attention;~   weakening of the intellect;~     detente.
,  (.) 1. weaken (smb., smth.) ;make* (smb., smth.) weak(er);2. ( ,  -.) relax (smth.) , ease (smth.) , reduce (smth.) ;~  relax one`s attention;3. (  ) loosen (smth.).
. (.) . drag smb.`s name in the mud;(. .) give* (smb.) a name (as;for + -ing);~ . . get* a bad name.
. young/little donkey.
|blinding;dazzling (. .) ;~  dazzling beauty.
|. . ;~ . blinding;. blindness;(  .) infatuation;~ blinded;(  . .) infatuated.
,  (.) blind (smb.) (. .) ;(    ) dazzle (smb.) ;~  blind/dazzle with beauty;~   dazzle with bright rays.
. . .
|asses`;. mulish, asinine;~  mulish obstinacy.
. she-ass; ~ . the ass of Balaam.
|. 1. complication;2. ( ) complications pl. , aftereffects pl. ;~   aftereffects of influenza;~() . . ().
, (.) 1. complicate (smth.) , bedevil (smth.) ;2. () aggravate (smth.) , complicate (smth.) ;~,  1. become* complicated;2. (.) be* aggravated (by), be* complicated (by);  complications have set in.
. . (-.) disregard (smth.) ;(-.) disobey (smb.) ;disregard smb.`s orders/command.
|. , ~ . . disobidient person.
. mishear*, not hear properly.
,  (.) examine (smb., smth.) ;look (smb.) over;(, ) see* (smth.) , visit (smth.) , inspect (smth.) , look round (smth.) ;~ -.     look smb. over from top to toe;~  examine a patient;~  have* a look at the town;~  go* sightseeing;~  go* to an exhibition;~  visit a museum;~,  look round;take* a look round (. .) ;~   look all round;   now I know the lie of the land.
, (.) ridicule (smb., smth.) , deride (smb., smth).
emboldened, plucking up courage.
. . .
, dare;  I venture to say.
. . .
. ridicule.
. . .
. survey, examination;(  . .) inspection;(, ) visit;~  sightseeing;~  examination of a patient; ~ customs luggage inspection.
(). . ().
|. wariness, circumspection;~ wary, circumspect.
. comprehension;~   comprehension of what is happening.
intelligent.
|, (.) grasp the idea (of), comprehend (smth.).
. . .
. . 1. () equipping, fitting out;2. () rig.
|,  (.) 1. equip (smth.) , fit out (smth.) ;2. () rig (smth.) ;~ . 1. () equipping;2. (  ) equipment.
|. being equipped, being provided with equipment; ~  equipment of industry with modern machinery and appliances;~ equipped;. rigged.
|. 1. (, ) base, frame(work);. core;2. (,    -.) basis ( pl. -ses);. principles, foundations; ~ mutually beneficial basis; ~ contract basis; ~ long-term basis; ~ () job basis; ~ () time-rate-basis; ~ () piece-rate-basis; ~ economic basis;  ~ on a commission basis; ~   on a firm-fixed price; ~   on a fiscal basis;3. . (  -. ) fundamentals, principles;4. . warp;5. . stem; -.  ~,  -.  ~ take* smth. as a basis, base smth. upon;  ~ -. form the basis of smth. ;~  bedrock.
|. 1. () foundation, founding;2. () foundation;(  -.) base, foot, bottom;. () basis ( pl. -ses);3. (, ) reason, grounds pl. ;  ~ without the slightest grounds;  ~ unfounded;  ~ with good reason;  ~? on what grounds?; ~  there are reasons to believe;  ~ there are no reasons whatsoever, there are not the slightest grounds;~    . cause of action;~   cause for complaint;~    . grounds for noting protest;4. ., . base; ~ -. on the strength of smth. ; -.  ~ raze smth. to the ground;  ~ shaken to the core.
. founder.
|thoroughly;~  have* a good meal;~ 1. () well-founded;~  good reasons;2. (, ) solid;3. () thorough.
. . ;~ . .  2, 3.
|. the essential/main thing; ~ on the whole.
|basic, fundamental;() main, principal;~   basic image;~  base light;~   ground noise;~  basic data;~  . primary debtor;~  chief business;~  . fundamental law;~  key/principal task;~  basic/fixed capital;~  basic commodities, staple commodities;~  basic price;~  fixed assets.
. founder.
, 1. (.;, ) found (smth.) ;2. ( .  .; ) base ( smth. on);~,  1. . . ( . ) base one`s arguments/theories (upon);take* up one`s stand (upon);( -.  ) be* based on;  ... taking as a basis ...;2. () arise*, be* founded;3. () settle down.
|. person;. personage.
|1. particularly, in particular;specially . ;~  -. be* particularly fond of smth. ;2. () in a special way; ~ not specially/very;~ . special feature;peculiarity;~    ,  ... what puts the book in a class by itself is that ...; ~ especially;~ 1. particular, special;especial . ;2. () peculiar, unusual; ~ nothing special.
. (private) house/mansion.
. apart;,  ~ hold* one self aloof; ~ stand* by itself.
special;() particular.
. specimen.
,  (.) realize (smth.) , become* aware (of).
. . .
. . sedge.
. . black poplar.
|. smallpox; ~ pock-marked, pitted; ~ -. vaccinate smb.
,  (.) 1. contest (smth.) , dispute (smth.) ;~  . dispute a will;~ -.  contest smb.`s rights;2. . . () contend (for);~   contend for the championship, make* a bid for the championship.
. pock-mark.
. vaccination.
|. challengeable, voidable;~  voidable contract;~  voidable transaction;~  voidable act.
. .  1.
. .  1;~ . . .
|, 1. remain;() stay;~  stay (for) the night;~    ( ) not get one`s remove, stay down;2. (  ) be* left;~ 5     ( ,    . . ) there are five minutes left before the train goes (the shop closes, the curtain rises, etc. );3. (   -.,   -. ) remain;~  keep* one`s seat, remain sitting;~   hold* good;remain in force (.  ,  ) ;~    remain of the same mind;4. (  -. , ) be*;( . ) be* left (without);~   be* out of work;~  be* (left) alone;  ... when alone ...;  be* pleased/delighted;    be* left destitute, be* left with nothing;5. . (+ .; ) it only remains (+ to inf. );      we have only three pages left to read;  ~  there is nothing for it but (+ to inf. ); ~  ,  ...,  ~  ,  ... the only alternative is ...;~  -. owe smb. ;   20  he still had twenty roubles to pay;    achieve nothing; ~! goodbye and good luck!
. . .
|, (.) 1. leave* (smb., smth.) ;( .) abandon (smb., smth.) ;     leave* pleasant memories of one self;  give* up hope;   ~  this thought never left him;2. () keep* (smth.) , retain (smth.) ;~    . leave* the law in force;   -., -. keep* a place for smb. , smth. ;3. () keep* (smth.) ; -.    keep* smb. down, not give smb. his, her remove;4. (  -.) give* up (smth.) (. .) , leave* (smth.) ;(  ) put* down (smth.) , lay* down (smth.) ; ()! stop that!;   leave* alone;leave* in peace;   -. keep* smth. ;     () raze to the ground (smth.) ; ~   it leaves much to be desired.
|1. . the remaining, the rest of, the other;2.  . . . the rest; ~ everything else; ~ in other respects;3.  . . . the rest sg. , the others; ~ all the others.
, 1. (.) stop (smb., smth.) ;make* (smb.) stop;(,  .) pull up (smth.) ;  stop a passer-by;    he pulled up sharply;~  stop a lathe;~  stop the bleeding;~   stop frame;2. (.   -.) check (smb.) , restrain (smb.) ;3. (.  .; ,   . .) fix (smth. on);~   -., -. let* one`s glance rest upon smb. , smth. ;    -. pay* attention to smth. ;~,  1. stop, come* to a stop/standstill;( ) pull up;2. (  -.) put* up (at), stay (at);( , ) stay (with);3. ( .; ) rest (upon);fall* (upon);    ... his choice fell upon ...;4. ( .;   ) dwell* (upon);~   dwell* upon the question, take* up the point;   ? where were we?, where did we stop?;    ~ stop at nothing.
. remains.
(). . ().
|. 1. () stopping, stop;~    . en-route stop;~    revenue stop, traffic stop;~    . stoppage in transit;~  . stopping the ball;2. (, ) pause;. time-out; ~ without (a) pause, without stopping;3. (  -.) stop-off, stay;4. (, ) stopping-place, stop;(  ) stop, stage;~  bus-stop;~    it`s only they who are holding us up.
|. 1. the remainder, the rest;the remains pl. ;() remnant;2. . . (,    ,   . .) the remains;( -. ) vestiges, traces;3. . . (  -.) the rest, the remainder;~  the rest of the journey;~  the remainder of a debt;4. . ( ) amount of balance, balance; ~ unused/unutilized balance;~   balance of account;  ~ cancel the unused balance;~  (  ,     ) credit balance;cash balance, ledger credit;5. . remainder, residual;  ~ divide exactly;  ~ absolutely everything ( one has);~  .  the nearer the bone, the sweeter the meat.
1. remaining, residual;~   residual aberration;2. . residual;~  residual magnetism.
. . .
. glaze.
. glazing.
. . .
, (.) glaze (smth.) , glass (smth.).
. sober/settle down;(  ) have* sown one`s wild oats.
|frenzied;~ . frenzy;  ~ fall* into a frenzy; ~ with complete abandon, like a maniac.
, (.) be* careful (of);( -.) beware (of).
. . .
. frame(work) (. .) ;() skeleton.
. be* dumbfounded.
. . . blockhead.
|carefully;() cautiously;~! take care!, be careful!, look out!;~ . care, carefulness;() caution; ~ with care;   ~ throw* caution to the winds;~ careful;() cautious;~  cautious/guarded reply.
. (.) . :    he is fed up with it.
. ostracism; ~ (.) ostracize (smb.).
|. . a taste of what might happen; ~ as a warning; ~ -. show* smb. what to expect.
,  (.) cut* (smth.) ;() cut* smb.`s hair;(  . .) shear* (smth.) ;~,  cut* one`s hair;( ) have* one`s hair cut.
踠. 1. () point;2. ( ) edge;. (, ) sharp edge;   ~  -. be* spearheaded against smth.
 I. (.;) sharpen (smth.).
| II,  be* witty, make* jokes;(  ) make* a pun;~  -.  be* witty at smb.`s expense; ~! don`t try to be funny!; ~ make* feeble jokes.
(). . ().
. island;(    . .) isle (of).
ridge-roofed.
|., ~ . islander.
|island attr. ;~ islet.
. 1. . stockaded town;2. . () jail.
|. harpoon;  ~ harpoon a fish.
pointed.
highly contemporary, up-to-the-minute.
|. witticism, quip, sally;wisecrack . ; ~ malicious joke.
. 1. sharpness;() piquancy, keenness;() acuteness;~  poignancy of one`s grief;~  freshness of impressions;~  keenness of sight;~  acuteness of a crisis;2. () high seasoning, savouriness, hot flavor; ~ lose* one`s edge.
acute-angled;~  acute-angled triangle.
|. wit;~ witty, sharp.
|sharp (. .) ;( ) poignant, acute, keen;( , ) pungent, strong;~  keen/sharp blade;~  acute/sharp pain;~ ,  violent sensation, desire;~  keen eyesight; ~  adventure-seekers;~  pungent sauce;~  strong cheese;~  highly seasoned dish;~   -. acute shortage of smth. ;~  acute crisis;~  . acute angle;~  witticism;~   -. smb. has a sharp tongue.
. wit.
. .   .
, (.) cool (smth.) , chill (smth.).
, stumble;( ) miss a step;. trip up.
. . .
, cool off, get* cool/cold;. cool (down);  the soup is cold;  interest has waned.
. . .
. . .
|,  1. (.;) . convict (smb.) ;( .  . ) condemn ( smb. to), sentence ( smb. to);~  convict a perpetrator;~    convict of a crime;~      sentence short;~      sentence long;~ -.    sentence smb. to two years;~    sentence to life;~    sentence to death;2. ( .  . ; ) blame ( smb. for);3. ( .  . ;  -. ) condemn ( smb. , smth. to), doom ( smb. , smth. to);~ . 1. . conviction;~     conviction on a charge;~  ,     conviction on indictment;~  ,      conviction on information; ~ seek* conviction; ~ support conviction;2. () blame, censure;~ . . convicted person, convict;~,    convict at large;~,      returned convict;~     violent convict.
. look* drawn/haggard, become* hollow-cheeked.
|, (.) 1. dry (smth.) ;( ) drain (smth.) ;~  drain a marsh;2. (  -.) drain (smth.) , empty (smth.) ;~  drain/empty a glass;~  dry one`s tears;~ . draining, drainage;~    reclaiming of marshes;~ drainage attr. ;~  drainage canal.
. . .
. drainage.
|. feasibility, practicability;~ feasible, practicable; ~ practicable.
|(). . ();~ . realization;( .) fulfilment;~  the realization of a plan.
,  (.) carry out (smth.) , realize (smth.) , put* (smth.) into effect/practice;~  carry out a plan;~  put* an idea into practice;~   put* one`s intention into effect;~,  be* fulfilled, be* realized;( ,  .) come* true, materialize;( ) be* put into effect.
. oscillograph.
. (.) make* (smb.) happy, gratify (smb.).
. . .
, (. .) 1. cover ( smb. , smth. with), strew* ( smb. , smth. with);. shower ( smb. with);~ -. ,  shower gifts, praises upon smb. ;~ -.  rain blows upon smb. ;~ -.  heap abuse on smb. ;~ -.  hurl reproaches at smb. ;2. ( ) shed* (smth.) ;3. () scatter;~  scatter sand.
. . .
, 1. () fall*, peel off;( ) crumble, crumble away;2. ( -  , ) fall*;3. (  -.) be* strewn/scattered/sprinkled (with).
. . scree, talus.
. axis ( pl. axes);(, ) axle;. hub;~  axis of revolution; ~ axis of vision;~  hub of events.
. octopus.
|tangible, palpable;~ . sense of touch;~ 1. ( ) tactile;2. () tangible, perceptible.
. (.) feel* (smth.) ;. perceive (smth.) , be* palpably aware (of).
