Mac OS X Server -   OS X

   Mac OS X Server   1985 .,       - (School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University)     Mach.       ,  1994 .,           .

   ,    ,   Mach,          . ,    - ,      ,         - ,     ,     .     Mach   .  ,  Mach    3.0      ,   ,     .

 Mach   ,                  .        ""    (light-weight process,  thread),            .             ,     ,         .

 ,    Mach      ,       .

,      "" ,    API UNIX.      Mach   UNIX         .  ,   ""               Mach  OS/2  RS6000  IBM, OSF/1   Alpha  DEC,     Mach  Linux ( , ,   Linux   )

    Mach    4.0. ,    ,      ,          (      ).     Mach 3.0        ,   Mach (   Open Software Foundation).  Mac OS X Server    ,     1985 .  ,   Apple Computer    Macintosh,     ,   Apple Computer,        .     NeXT Computer.  NeXT Computer          ,      ,  Macintosh,      .             :   ,   ,     ,   ,     .


NeXTcube


  ,                ,  .     198992 .  NeXTstation  NeXTcube.      NeXT            (        ,       DSP-,           +  +  +          ).       (       DMA,     Ethernet,  Postscript,   ).  NeXT    ,       ""   ,      .              ""   Silicon Graphics,           ,   ,        ( ,    ).


NeXTstation


 ,      NeXT,              WorldWideWeb    1990 .  - (   " WWW")   NeXT'     Mosaic, "" Netscape Navigator,      WWW  ,          :     ViolaWWW, Erwise, Midas    UNIX.

 , "",   NeXT   , ""       ,       "   " .   1992 .            ,             .   ,         NeXT    ,    .

     NeXT      32-       ( Macintosh    1984 .,     Lisa,        ,    1983 .).    ,  ""      ,  Macintosh,  ,        ""   CP-M  MS-DOS,     ,    .   ,  ,      , ..    UNIX.     ,     UNIX      -     ,          .               UNIX,        ,   ,    .

,   NEXTSTEP (      NeXT')    12  1988 .,    NeXT Computer. NEXTSTEP  1.0      Mach 2.0,   UNIX   BSD;    18  1989 .  NEXTSTEP 2.0     1991 .,     NeXTstation Color  NeXTcube,  3.0    1992-,  3.1,   NEXSTEP      Intel,      1993 .

 3.3     NEXTSTEP.    4.0,              " ",        OPENSTEP   "for Mach" (.. Intel), "for Solaris", "for HP-UX", "for Windows 95", "for Windows NT".     ,     OPENSTEP   4.0 (   Mecca) ,   4.2.         ,     4.2,          OpenStep.

NEXTSTEP/OPENSTEP     ,       Macintosh.    UNIX-  ,            ,       .      ,           .     ,         ,        Postscript   ,                Postscript        -      ,              .

   NEXTSTEP/OPENSTEP      .   (!) ,      ,          .    , -     ,         ,   , ,    Windows   ObjectWindows  Borland (OWL)  Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC),       .

 ,          ,    ,         ,     ,      (    ,  ,          . .).          Foundation Framework (   ), Application Kit (   )  Enterprise Objects Framework (   ).              Yellow Box.

,      UNIX,       . ,      ,     . .     .   ,  -        - .     UNIX'    ,        .    ,     ++,  !     NEXTSTEP   Objective C,        ,   ,     ++.  ( !)  Objective C,           ,      .    ,         ( !)       ,     ,    ,          ,      . , ,  Objective C    C++     ,      ,       (       ,   . .)

    !            Interface Builder, Project Builder, Enterprise Object Modeller,  ,     ,         .

 ,              ,        WebObjects    .               .  Apple          .          Mac'   PowerPC. ,       RISC,   -        . ,         ,   

          (      Copland, Gershvin, Rhapsody!).  ,      Apple           !




  ,      Apple.  ,       ?          API    ?     ,  1996 .        Be (  - Apple - ),          BeOS.


 BeOS


BeOS       UNIX-,       (, )       (. . "" Real-Time). ,    ,    BeOS,     NeXT Computer.   Apple  Be   ,      ,  Apple  Be,    .


 BeBOX c  BeOS


   1996 .   .  Apple Computer     NeXT Computer.           .       ,     " "   ,     .

 , Apple     NeXT Computer            (  Avadis "Avie" Tevanian, Jr.),   - Apple Computer    Software Engineering.       -          Mach;     ""  .   1988 .     NeXT Computer,     "" ,    1995 .  - NeXT Computer.  ,       ,    NEXTSTEP  RISC-     .    ,    NEXTSTEP,    BSD      UNIX-.

  Apple  NeXT   .      ,                     (            NuKernel  Copland).

       .         MacOS    2000 .,             OPENSTEP.          Rhapsody,     OPENSTEP   Power Macintosh (  OPENSTEP       !)         Apple. ,  Rhapsody      NeXT Computer , ,    OPENSTEP 4.2,    ""   Apple   ,     OPENSTEP   .

 ,    OPENSTEP  Macintosh,  . -,      OPENSTEP      Macintosh,      . -,     ,    Rhapsody   Macintosh,       ,         OPENSTEP,              ,     Rhapsody   Macintosh   Apple File Service, QuickTime, ColorSync, AppleScript

           .        Apple    . ,   ,     Rhapsody   .  Apple    ,         Macintosh,      ,   Blue Box,   NuKernel (      ).              (Developer Release 1  DR1)  Rhapsody,   DR2 , ,      (   , , !)   .      Mac OS X Server.

       Apple      .   ,    ""   Mac OS       2000 . (           "" ,    Mac OS 9.0.        ( "" Mac OS   UNIX-    Mach)   ,   , ,   " ",    .


Mac OS X Server 1.0


 Apple Computer  Mac OS X Server     ,        Power Macintosh G3 (  Yosemite,   "Blue and White").        ,  Apple       (      ).  ,      , Mac OS X Server         "" ,  iMac   PowerBook G3.

  Mac OS X         "" Mac OS,    Mac OS X Server.

       - Mach,       2.5   3.0.  ,      SMP-.

              UNIX-.

 Blue Box  Yellow Box   Mac OS X     API,   Carbon. ,     Apple (WWDC'99),     API   "Yellow Box"  "Cocoa",  "Blue Box"  "Classic".   Carbon .       ,  "",    ,      ,      .  Blue Box (Classi)       .   ,      Yellow Box (Cocoa),         .

    .    API Macintosh,      ""             .  "" API,       ,    Carbon. 